Côte d’Ivoire has returned to economic growth after stabilising its political situation in 2011. The economy has grown at a rate of 9% per year since 2011, in part due to the emergence of its burgeoning industrial sector. As one of the fastest-growing African economies, with an annual GDP growth rate forecast at 7-7.5% in 2019, Côte d’Ivoire is now promoting sustainable and inclusive growth.
This chapter examines the legal system of Myanmar, focusing on the implementation of the Myanmar Companies Law and its online portal, the new Competition Commission and anti-corruption code, adjusted capital requirements for foreign firms and joint ventures and the increase in minimum wage in March 2018. It also contains a viewpoint from Cheah Swee Gim, Director, Kelvin Chia Yangon.
This chapter offers an overview of Myanmar’s tax system, focusing on the implementation of the second phase of its of Reform Action Plan 2012, which aims to establish an effective and fair tax system with increased tax revenue, as well as the introduction of self-assessment bookkeeping and of capital gains payable on any capital asset exchanged. It also contains an interview with U Win Thin, Chairman, Win Consulting.
Since Myanmar’s democratic transition began in 2011, the education sector has undergone a significant transformation under successive administrations. Higher government spending and the easing of restrictions on foreign investment in private schools have paved the way for increased enrolment rates and improvements in education infrastructure. Despite these developments, notable demographic and regional disparities remain. Closing these gaps and ensuring equal opportunities is necessary to improve the country’s education system. Myanmar’s health care sector has grown considerably in recent years as a result of higher public expenditure and increasing foreign direct investment. Aside from implementing a range of reforms, the Ministry of Health has been proactive in delivering programmes aimed at fighting both communicable and non-communicable diseases nationwide. However, as the country gears up to achieve universal provision by 2030, significant issues still remain. This chapter includes an interview with Dr Watson Aphiwatanakoon, CEO and Hospital Director, Ar Yu International Hospital.
Myanmar has emerged in recent years as a sought-after tourist destination in a region known for its tourism attractions. Since the country opened its doors through political reform in 2011, many have been attracted to its diverse landscapes, rich culture and heritage. While infrastructure challenges remain, and low hotel occupancy rates affect small businesses, a decline in visitors from Western countries has had the biggest impact on the industry recently. However, damage has been limited by increased tourist numbers from elsewhere in Asia, aided by policy developments offering visas on arrival and visa-free entry to visitors from many Asian countries. Sitting at the crossroads between India, China and South-east Asia, Myanmar is well positioned to capitalise on tourist flows from and through these huge markets. This chapter contains interviews with U Aung Myo Min Din, Chairman, Myanmar Hotelier Association; and U Ohn Maung, Minister of Hotels and Tourism.
Myanmar is well known for the untapped potential of its extensive mineral portfolio. Home to the world’s largest deposits of jade and some of the most sought-after rubies, it also has substantial deposits of lucrative metals as well as industrial minerals. Despite significant deposits, foreign investment across Myanmar’s mining sector has lagged behind other key industries due to misadministration, legal uncertainty and ongoing conflict. As such, the diverse landscape of Myanmar remains largely underexplored. However, with previous legal uncertainties addressed in recently amended mining laws and rules, a multitude of prospectors are waiting in the wings, ready to extract valuable resources. This chapter contains an interview with Fred Hess, Managing Director, PanAust.
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