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Bahrain is among the smaller economies in the GCC, but it is also one of the more diversified ones, with particularly well-developed financial services and manufacturing sectors. Despite its diversified economy, Bahrain nonetheless faced pressures in recent years as a result of the 2014-15 drop in oil prices.

By utilising technology to maximise value from existing reserves and investing in exploration, Bahrain’s energy sector is working to maintain and even increase levels of oil and gas production. Efforts in this direction have been helped significantly by the recent discovery of a large-scale, unconventional oil and gas reserve, which could...

In early September 2017 Bahrain’s state-backed hydrocarbons entities made a major new tight oil and gas find in the Khaleej Al Bahrain basin. The discovery, which covers more than 6000 sq km, contains probable reserves of around 81bn barrels of oil and 14trn standard cu feet of associated gas.

Although the world remains largely dependent upon fossil fuels for power generation, a gradual transition towards renewable sources has been taking place since the 1990s, underpinned by multilateral deals such as the Kyoto Protocol, the Doha Amendment and, more recently, the Paris Agreement. Investment and development in renewable technologies...

In recent years the Bahraini authorities have taken steps to raise financing for the development of the kingdom’s energy sector, including the launch by nogaholding, the investment and development arm of the National Oil and Gas Authority (NOGA), of its first international bond programme and the announcement of a new national energy investment...

The country is working to gradually improve its economic indicators by implementing tough, yet necessary, structural reforms. Although significant strides have been made since 2011, Tunisia continues to face acute macroeconomic imbalances. While reform efforts have suffered from changing administrations in the years following the revolution, in 2018...