In spite of the country’s challenging fiscal situation (see Economy chapter), Ghana has been one of Africa’s best-performing economies in recent years, having seen significant jumps in both headline growth and capital inflows. Recent oil discoveries, combined with sustained prices for cocoa and gold, led to an influx of capital and boosted activity in a range of sectors...
Nestled in the Gulf of Guinea on Africa’s Atlantic Coast, Ghana has developed a reputation as a robust and stable democracy, and with a storied legacy of pan-African initiatives it has long punched above its weight diplomatically. Due to its vast natural resources, Ghana has a strong export profile, although it is somewhat dependent on commodities. It is the world’s...
The government of Jordan has been working to achieve economic stability through encouraging investment, particularly foreign investment. Jordan’s legal framework not only creates a secure environment for investors and encourages investment in specific sectors through various incentive and benefit schemes, but also provides a well-structured and easily implemented...
Over the past decade, Jordan’s business environment has experienced significant and rapid changes in terms of both its complexity and competitiveness in global markets. Increased demand for qualified labour, coupled with growing international competition for resources, have forced Jordanian businesses to remain flexible and become more resourceful.
Literacy rates and school attendance are high in Jordan thanks to a cultural emphasis on education. Nearly half of those old enough to go to university are enrolled in them. Spending on research as a proportion of GDP is also very high by regional standards. Jordan’s universities have a good reputation in the region and a substantial proportion of their students come...
According to the latest available data from the World Bank, Jordan spent 0.43% of GDP on scientific research in 2008. This was up from 0.34% in 2002, the second latest year for which data is available. Although substantially below levels in the West, this is nonetheless well above countries in the region for which data is available, with Iraq...
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