All Countries and All Sectors

A wave of labour and regulatory reform is under way in Bahrain, as is an ambitious programme that aims to attract $30bn in investment in the tourism, transport, health, education, construction and real estate sectors. Meanwhile, the Fiscal Balance Programme launched in late 2018 has been updated – taking into account the Covid-19 pandemic’s impact – with a new target of balancing the budget by...

Bahrain has long taken a liberal approach to international trade and investment policy, which it conducts largely in line with its partners in the GCC, especially neighbouring Saudi Arabia. Historically, its closest foreign relations outside the region have been with the US and the UK. Initially built around the defence industry, these ties have expanded over the years to areas such as...

While Egypt’s agriculture sector is well established, the country continues to face challenges related to climate change, urbanisation, a rapidly expanding population, and food and water insecurity. For instance, some related industries were notably affected by Covid-19 pandemic restrictions and disruptions to the global supply chain. Egypt was among the most affected by the February 2022...

While the 2020-22 period saw supply-chain disruptions, the high number of transport projects under development has helped to bolster Egypt’s transport and logistics prospects. Indeed, 30,000 km of new roads are set to be completed by the end of 2024, and in May 2021 the government signed a memorandum of understanding to begin the development of the Bus Rapid Transit project on the Cairo Ring...

The government of Egypt has placed a strong emphasis on construction as a key engine of urban growth since the ambitious IMF-backed economic reform programme in 2016. Much of the sector’s underlying demand is a result of the growing population which, in turn, has created a need to develop new cities such as the New Administrative Capital. Overall, such mega-projects look set to drive...