Boosting liquidity in Moroccan banking sector
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In a bid to strengthen and diversify revenue sources, Morocco’s three largest banks are planning to borrow from international capital markets in 2013.
Attijariwafa Bank, Banque Centrale Populaire (BCP) and BMCE Bank are each preparing to float foreign-currency-denominated bonds this year, although no dates have yet been set. The Moroccan economy has been strained by the downturn in the EU, its primary trade partner, as well as rising energy import costs and slow export growth. This has reduced liquidity in the banking market, as in the economy in general. Tapping international debt markets should help to provide the capital necessary to boost banks’ liquidity levels and support expansion projects in the short term.
The largest lender, Attijariwafa Bank, was the first to announce that it will pursue a $500m foreign debt issue to support future expansion. The bond was approved by the bank’s general assembly in late May, but no date has been disclosed for its sale. In addition, Attijariwafa signed an agreement with Citibank Maghreb and the US Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) in July for an eight-year, $40m loan. The funds provided by OPIC, a US government institution that channels private investment into foreign economic development projects, will be used to support financing for small and medium-sized enterprises.
BMCE Bank, the third-largest bank by assets, is also preparing a five-year, $500m international bond issue and hired Barclays, Citibank and BNP Paribas as advisors. BMCE has largely used domestic revenue to fuel its expansion into other African markets in the past decade, and this is will be its first international bond. The issue was originally slated for late June but was postponed.
For BMCE and Attijariwafa, the capital raised will support lending, as well as the banks’ ambitious expansion strategies; both lenders plan to extend their footprint further across North, West and Central Africa in the next decade.
BCP, Morocco’s second-largest bank, announced in July that it would consider a short-term foreign debt issue before the end of the year. According to a statement by bank officials to Reuters in July, BCP does not have an immediate financing need but is seeking the foreign capital to support lending and diversify sources of revenue amidst the domestic liquidity shortage.
Recourse to foreign markets will help to reduce pressure on bank resources. Deposits are rising, but slowly; total customer deposits increased by 2.9% to Dh696.6bn (€62.41bn) in 2012, after growth of 4.5% in 2011. Demand for credit continues to increase, although the economic slowdown and liquidity shortage have sharpened banks’ risk management policies. The total volume of credit extended in 2012 rose 5.3% to Dh722bn (€64.68bn), but this was down from growth of 11.2% in 2011. The slowdown was mainly related to lower demand from businesses, which increased by 4% in 2012, while household lending grew by 9% in 2012, largely the same pace as in the last three years.
The volume of non-performing loans increased from 4.8% of total credit in 2011 to 5% in 2012; while manageable, this is a recent high and is related to the challenging operating conditions for businesses, especially those in sectors that are highly exposed to international markets and competition.
The central bank took several steps in 2012 to ease monetary policy, boost market liquidity and encourage lending. Bank Al Maghrib reduced its policy rate by 25 basis points to 3% in the first quarter and lowered the reserve requirement ratio from 6% to 4% in September 2012. As a result, deposits at the central bank dropped 25.4% to Dh19bn (€1.7bn) by 2012 year-end, freeing up an estimated Dh7bn (€630m). Bank Al Maghrib also added certificates of deposits to the list of securities that could be accepted as a guarantee for central bank advances.
Continued internationalisation of the banking sector is promising, but a sustainable improvement in bank liquidity levels is reliant on an uptick in economic growth, expanded export volumes, and rebuilding of fiscal and external buffers. Morocco continues to face a challenging external environment, but the IMF predicts that GDP growth will climb to 4.5% in 2013 from 3% in 2012.
Despite the tightened economic context, sector indicators have remained strong. The central bank increased monitoring in 2012 to ensure that lenders maintained adequate liquidity and reserve levels, and is continuing to introduce reforms in preparation for Basel III requirements. In June 2013 Bank Al Maghrib raised the minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to 9% and the capital adequacy ratio to 12%, both of which have already been attained on the domestic market; as of July, the Tier 1 ratio was 10.2% and the capital adequacy was 12.9%. These measures, combined with increased monitoring and eased monetary policies, have helped to ensure a solid base for Morocco’s financial sector, despite its shaky surroundings.