Algeria: Deepening the market
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Algeria’s telecommunications industry is set for something of a shake-up in 2012 with the much-anticipated launch of 3G mobile services in the second half of the year. The mobile telephony sector has grown rapidly since it was liberalised in 2000, and the long-awaited introduction of high-capacity data networks offer a new opportunity for operators to boost margins and move away from focusing solely on subscriber growth.
The mobile GSM market is currently dominated by three main operators: Mobilis (Algérie Télécoms), Djezzy (Orascom Télécoms Algérie, OTA), and Nedjma (Wataniya Télécoms Algérie). Mobile penetration rates skyrocketed from 1.5% of the population in 2002 to 94.4% in 2011, or 33.74m mobile subscriptions, thanks in large part to aggressive liberalisation.
Although Algeria still has some room for growth in terms of subscriber numbers – particularly in comparison to the mobile penetration rates of 100.1% in Morocco and 106% in Tunisia in 2011, according to the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), which come about from a large amount of churn and dual subscribers – operators have been increasingly looking to expand revenue-rich data services to limit the impact of thinning margins from voice segments and subscriber growth.
Mobile data services are already in high demand, with limited GPRS and EDGE packages. However, given the expected increase in both consumer demand for improved speeds and higher data consumption, the Ministry of Post and Information and Communications Technology (MPTIC) launched a tender for 3G licences in September 2011, with the goal of issuing licences by late October and officially starting 3G services by March 2012.
That deadline has since been postponed, as ministry officials first seek to resolve the ongoing negotiations over the possible sale of Djezzy. With more than 14.5m subscribers at the end of 2010, Djezzy represents roughly half of the national market share and is owned by Russia’s Vimpelcom, which acquired Djezzy from Egypt-based Orascom Telecom in 2011. The Algerian state has made efforts to nationalise Djezzy since October 2010, which have led to drawn-out negotiations with Vimpelcom over the past 12 months.
Both parties have agreed to work on a liberal deal that will allow the government to acquire a 51% stake and will leave Vimpelcom as the operator, although a separate court decision in March to impose $1.25bn in fines related to currency transactions may complicate things.
Nevertheless, ministry officials estimate that negotiations will wrap up in the coming months and that the launch of 3G services can be anticipated for mid-to-late 2012, local media reported.
Whenever the rollout of 3G services is concluded, the process will serve as simply another step in the impressive expansion of the country’s telecoms sector. From 2002 to 2008, total turnover in the mobile sector increased sevenfold, from €530.34m to €3.71bn. The proportion of GDP coming from mobile telephony declined slightly over the same period, from 6.3% in 2002 to 4.05% in 2008, but this is largely due to higher hydrocarbons revenue on the back of rising global oil prices.
The increased activity in the mobile data segment will likely help push prices down for internet access, which will be of enormous benefit for the consumer. Algeria ranks seventh among Arab states for the affordability of the information and communications technology (ICT) services across the board, including fixed-line telephone and internet services, and 71st globally. Data from the ITU show that Algeria’s overall ICT price basket, or the total expenditure on ICT as a percentage of average per-capita income, decreased from 3.5% of annual income in 2008 to 3% in 2010. Yet there is considerable demand for internet among the population; in 2010, the overall internet penetration rate reached 12.5%, but only 2.5% of the population held broadband internet subscriptions.
While prices for fixed telephone services rose slightly to 1.5% in 2010, mobile prices decreased from 4.4% to 3.4% of average income per capita in 2010. Prices for 3G data services have not yet been made public, but efforts by mobile operators to build and maintain their subscriber base are expected to keep prices down.
As mobile telephony services become more affordable, Algeria can expect to see a further jump in telecoms sector activity in 2012. With a diminishing pool of potential new mobile subscribers, the introduction of 3G services by mid-year should profoundly change the market. However, the government will need to seek a speedy resolution to the discussions over the ownership of Djezzy for the sector to fully benefit from the opportunities that new services present.