Almost 50 years after it began shipping oil out of the port at Mina Al Fahal, the sultanate’s economy remains closely tied to the fortunes of hydrocarbons, which in 2015 accounted for 33.9% of GDP, 78.7% of state revenues and 59.4% of goods exports. Although 2015 was challenging for the nation’s oil and gas sector, the government is expected to keep crude production near its current level of...