Egypt’s construction sector continues apace, and cement production levels have been largely sustained to support ongoing infrastructure, commercial and residential projects. Despite challenges, the cement industry – the 12th largest in the world in 2016, according to international bank HSBC – is set to maintain this growth trend in the coming...
Since the late 2000s energy production has lagged behind consumption, and a shortage of natural gas has left industrial customers scrambling for solutions. Growth in upstream production failed to keep up with downstream demand, with both oil and gas production falling below historical highs. However, as new upstream discoveries have come on-...
Egypt has a well-established system of special zones, industrial zones and free zones, overseen primarily by the General Authority for Investment and Free Zones (GAFI). The current zones system was established in 1997 and includes 10 public free zones clustered in and around Cairo, Alexandria and in areas close to Cairo’s waterways.
Sourcing natural gas is one of the chief obstacles for Egypt’s heavy industries, as shortages have persisted since 2014 (see Energy chapter). Gas is sold through the state-owned Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Company (EGAS), which has prioritised supply to the power sector and residential consumers. This has left industrial buyers facing...
Egypt’s retail market is competitive and highly fragmented. The maturing formal retail sector features a range of shopping malls, supermarkets, hypermarkets and smaller franchised competitors, as well as the more informal options that have traditionally served Egypt’s shopping needs, such as souqs, street vendors, independent high-street shops...
Egypt’s foreign exchange troubles throughout 2015-16 have sparked intense debate in the automotive industry, where the challenges have led to multiple reform proposals to shore up a troubled area of the country’s industrial production. Concerns peaked in April 2015, when Mercedes-Benz announced a partial exit, claiming it would continue to...
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